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   XPost: sci.med, sci.med.nutrition, sci.life-extension   
   From: milesrf@Usenet-News.net   
      
   On 4/21/2012 5:44 AM, John H. Gohde wrote:   
   > Polio eradication by vaccination?   
   >   
   > Let me quote some original seminal medical research.   
   >   
   > Anderson et al. (1951) in his article “Poliomyelitis occurring after   
   > antigen injections” (Pediatrics; 7(6): 741-759) wrote “During the last   
   > year several investigators have reported the occurrence poliomyelitis   
   > within a few weeks after injection of some antigen. Martin in England   
   > noted 25 cases in which paralysis of as single limb occurred within 28   
   > days of injection of antigen into that limb, and two cases following   
   > penicillin injections. In Australia, McCloskey, during a study of the   
   > 1949 outbreak, recorded 38 cases that developed within 30 days of an   
   > antigen injection, finding an association between the site of   
   > paralysis and that of the recently antecedent injection. His findings,   
   > contrary to Martin’s suggested a greater association with pertussis   
   > vaccine than with other antigens. Geffen, studying the 1949   
   > poliomyelitis cases in London, observed 30 patients who had received   
   > an antigen within four weeks, noting also that the paralysis involved   
   > especially the extremity into which the injection had been given. In a   
   > subsequent survey of 33 administrative areas in England, Hill and   
   > Knowelden found 42 children who had been immunized within a month [of   
   > injections]…Banks and Beale3 observed 14 cases that followed within   
   > two months after immunization noting also a correlation between site   
   > of injection and location of paralysis, as well as increased severity   
   > of residual paralysis…In the discussion of this problem during the   
   > April 1950 meeting of the Royal Society of medicine, Burnett and   
   > others stressed the apparent relationship to multiple antigens   
   > containing a pertussis component”. [undoubtedly reflecting the   
   > increasing use of pertussis-containing vaccines].   
   >   
   > Peterson et al. (1955) reported on vaccination induced poliomyelitis   
   > in Idaho as part of the trial of the Salk (injectable) vaccine   
   > (Vaccination-induced poliomyelitis in Idaho. Preliminary report of   
   > experience with Salk poliomyelitis vaccine. JAMA; 159 (4): 241-244).   
   >   
   > The Cutter laboratories were accused of distributing vaccines   
   > containing live polioviruses, and singled out, even though vaccines   
   > produced by other manufacturers also caused paralysis (Nathanson and   
   > Langmuir 1963. The Cutter incident: poliomyelitis following   
   > formaldehyde-inactivated poliovirus vaccination in the United States   
   > during the spring of 1955 III. Am. J Hyg; 78: 61-81   
   >   
   > Wyatt (1981) summarised cases of provocation poliomyelitis caused by   
   > multiple injections in his article “Provocation poliomyelitis:   
   > neglected clinical observations from 1914 to 1950” (Bull Hist Med; 55:   
   > 543-557).   
   >   
   > Wyatt et al. (1992) and Wyatt (1993) warned against the unnecessary   
   > injections causing paralytic poliomyelitis in India (Trans Roy Soc   
   > Trop Med Hyg; 86: 546-549 and Lancet 341: 61-62, respectively).   
   >   
   > Sutter et al. (1992) published an article “Attributable risk of DTP   
   > (Diphtheria and Tetanus toxoids and Pertussis toxoid vaccine injection   
   > in provoking paralytic poliomyelitis during a large outbreak in Oman”.   
   > (J Infec Dis; 165: 444-449).   
   >   
   > According to Strebel et al. (1994. Paralytic poliomyelitis in Romania,   
   > 1984-1992. Am J Epidemiology; 140 (12: 111-124) ) although   
   > poliomyelitis due to wild virus had virtually disappeared from Romania   
   > (no cases reported between 1984-1989), the vaccine-associated   
   > paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) was reported at very high rates for   
   > over two decades. The overall risk of VAPP in Romania was up to 17   
   > times higher than the reported risk in the USA.   
   >   
   > In November 1990, to decrease the risk of VAPP, oral poliomyelitis   
   > vaccine produced in Romania was replaced by imported OPV produced by   
   > “Western European manufacturer”. However, the risk of PAPP continued   
   > unabated with that vaccine.   
   >   
   > The history continued repeating itself all over the world wherever the   
   > poliomyelitis vaccines were used. Paralysis developed after both   
   > injectable and oral polio vaccines.   
   >   
   > It comes as no surprise that the most recent mass polio vaccination   
   > programs fuelled by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation resulted in   
   > increased cases of VAPP. In India, two paediatricians, Dr Neetu   
   > Vashisht and Dr Jacob Pulliel of the Department of Paediatrics of St   
   > Stephens Hospital in Delhi noted that another major ethical issue   
   > raised by the campaign is the failure to thoroughly investigate the   
   > increase in incidence “of non-polio acute flaccid paralysis (NPAFP)”   
   > in areas where many doses of vaccine were used, while noting that   
   > these cases are clinically indistinguishable from polio paralysis and   
   > twice as deadly.   
   >   
   > They also noted that while India was declared polio-free in 2011, at   
   > the same time there were 47500 cases of NPAFP, which increased in   
   > direct proportion to the number of polio vaccine doses received.   
   > Independent studies showed that children identified with NPAFP “were   
   > at more than twice the risk of dying than those with wild polio   
   > infection”.   
   >   
   > According to their report, nationally, the NPAFP rate is now twelve   
   > times higher than expected. In the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar –   
   > which have pulse polio vaccination every month – the NPAFP rate is 25   
   > and 35 fold higher than the international norms (Ramesh Shankar,   
   > Mumbai 2012).   
   >   
   > Ron Law (Assaulting alternative medicine: worthwhile or witch hunt?   
   > BMJ.com 10 March 2012) recently addressed the polio situation in   
   > India: eradication has been achieved by re-naming the disease.   
   > Poliomyelitis paralysis which occurs even after 30+ vaccination doses,   
   > is now called acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) or polio-like paralysis;   
   > hardly a great success of vaccination or comfort to the parents of the   
   > more than 60 000 affected children.   
   >   
   > Earlier redefinition of poliomyelitis had been introduced in the US: a   
   > disease with residual paralysis which resolves within 60 days changed   
   > into a disease with residual paralysis which persists for more than 60   
   > days. Cases of paralysis which resolve within 60 days (99% of cases)   
   > are diagnosed as viral or aseptic meningitis.   
   >   
   > According to MMWR (1997; 32[29]: 384-385), there are 30 000 to 50 000   
   > cases of viral/aseptic meningitis per year in the US. Considering that   
   > in the pre-vaccine era the vast majority (99%) of the reported cases   
   > were non-paralytic (corresponding to aseptic or viral meningitis),   
      
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