From: lessgovt@gmail.com   
      
   In 1607 and 1608, Hudson made two attempts on behalf of English merchants to   
   find a rumored Northeast Passage to Cathay via a route above the Arctic   
   Circle. In 1609, he landed in North America on behalf of the Dutch East India   
   Company and explored the    
   region around the modern New York metro area. Looking for a Northwest Passage   
   to Asia on his ship Halve Maen ("Half Moon"), he sailed up the Hudson River,   
   which was later named after him, and thereby laid the foundation for Dutch   
   colonization of the    
   region.   
      
   On his final expedition, while still searching for the Northwest Passage,   
   Hudson became the first European to see Hudson Strait and the immense Hudson   
   Bay. In 1611, after wintering on the shore of James Bay, Hudson wanted to   
   press on to the west, but    
   most of his crew mutinied. The mutineers cast Hudson, his son, and seven   
   others adrift; the Hudsons and their companions were never seen again.   
      
   Virtually nothing of Hudson's early life is known for certain. His year of   
   birth is variously estimated between 1560-1570. He may have been born in   
   London and it is possible that his father was an alderman of that city. When   
   Hudson first entered the    
   historical record in 1607, he was already an experienced mariner with   
   sufficient credentials to be commissioned the leader of an expedition charged   
   with a search for a trade route across the North Pole.   
      
   In 1610, Hudson obtained backing for another voyage, this time under the   
   English flag. The funding came from the Virginia Company and the British East   
   India Company. At the helm of his new ship, the Discovery, he stayed to the   
   north—some claim he    
   deliberately stayed too far south on his Dutch-funded voyage—reached Iceland   
   on 11 May, the south of Greenland on 4 June, and rounded the southern tip of   
   Greenland.   
      
   On 25 June, the explorers reached what is now the Hudson Strait at the   
   northern tip of Labrador. Following the southern coast of the strait on 2   
   August, the ship entered Hudson Bay. Excitement was very high due to the   
   expectation that the ship had    
   finally found the Northwest Passage through the continent. Hudson spent the   
   following months mapping and exploring its eastern shores, but he and his crew   
   did not find a passage to Asia. In November, however, the ship became trapped   
   in the ice in James    
   Bay, and the crew moved ashore for the winter.   
      
   When the ice cleared in the spring of 1611, Hudson planned to use his   
   Discovery to further explore Hudson Bay with the continuing goal of   
   discovering the Passage; however, most of the members of his crew ardently   
   desired to return home. Matters came to a    
   head and much of the crew mutinied in June. Descriptions of the successful   
   mutiny are one-sided, because the only survivors who could tell their story   
   were the mutineers and those who went along with the mutiny.   
      
   In the latter class was ship's navigator, Abacuk Pricket, a survivor who kept   
   a journal that was to become one of the sources for the narrative of the   
   mutiny. According to Pricket, the leaders of the mutiny were Henry Greene and   
   Robert Juet. The latter,    
   a navigator, had accompanied Hudson on the 1609 expedition, and his account is   
   said to be "the best contemporary record of the voyage". Pricket's narrative   
   tells how the mutineers set Hudson, his teenage son John, and seven   
   crewmen—men who were either    
   sick and infirm or loyal to Hudson—adrift from the Discovery in a small   
   shallop, an open boat, effectively marooning them in Hudson Bay. The Pricket   
   journal reports that the mutineers provided the castaways with clothing,   
   powder and shot, some pikes,    
   an iron pot, some food, and other miscellaneous items.   
      
   After the mutiny, Hudson's shallop broke out oars and tried to keep pace with   
   the Discovery for some time. Pricket recalled that the mutineers finally tired   
   of the David–Goliath pursuit and unfurled additional sails aboard the   
   Discovery, enabling the    
   larger vessel to leave the tiny open boat behind. Hudson and the other seven   
   aboard the shallop were never seen again. Despite subsequent searches,   
   including those conducted by Thomas Button in 1612, and by Zachariah Gillam in   
   1668–1670, their fate is    
   unknown.   
      
   Pricket's journal and testimony have been severely criticized for bias, on two   
   grounds. Firstly, prior to the mutiny the alleged leaders of the uprising,   
   Greene and Juet, had been friends and loyal seamen of Hudson. Secondly, Greene   
   and Juet did not    
   survive the return voyage to England (Juet, who had been the navigator on the   
   return journey, died of starvation a few days before the company reached   
   Ireland). Pricket knew he and the other survivors of the mutiny would be tried   
   in England for piracy,    
   and it would have been in his interest, and the interest of the other   
   survivors, to put together a narrative that would place the blame for the   
   mutiny upon men who were no longer alive to defend themselves.   
      
   The Pricket narrative became the controlling story of the expedition's   
   disastrous end. Only 8 of the 13 mutinous crewmen survived the return voyage   
   to Europe. They were arrested in England, and some were put on trial, but no   
   punishment was imposed for    
   the mutiny. One theory holds that the survivors were considered too valuable   
   as sources of information to execute, as they had travelled to the New World   
   and could describe sailing routes and conditions.   
      
   The bay visited by and named after Hudson is three times the size of the   
   Baltic Sea, and its many large estuaries afford access to otherwise landlocked   
   parts of Western Canada and the Arctic. This allowed the Hudson's Bay Company   
   to exploit a lucrative    
   fur trade along its shores for more than two centuries, growing powerful   
   enough to influence the history and present international boundaries of   
   western North America.   
      
   Along with Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait in Canada, many other topographical   
   features and landmarks are named for Hudson. The Hudson River in New York and   
   New Jersey is named after him, as are Hudson County, New Jersey, the Henry   
   Hudson Bridge, the Henry    
   Hudson Parkway, and the city of Hudson, New York. The unbuilt Hendrik Hudson   
   Hotel in New York, planned circa 1897, was also to have been named after him.   
   Instead, ten years later, an apartment building bearing the name had been   
   constructed.   
      
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Hudson   
      
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