From: X53hs@QuVQno.com   
      
   The necessity and prerequisites of a world government   
      
   By Ac. Krtashivananda   
      
   For the first time in history through the influence of science and   
   technology, our planet and its inhabitants have become parts of one whole,   
   affected by each other. Economic and political phenomena are compelling us   
   to treat the world as one unit. Yet the sense that the human race must   
   become one community is a causal whim, a vague aspiration, and not generally   
   accepted as a conscious ideal.   
      
   Even today we find that in the people's outlook there are clashing tides of   
   colour, race, nation, religion and gender that continue to create   
   antagonisms, myths and dreams that divide human society into hostile camps,   
   and unfortunately, there is no world body with a firm resolve to neturalize   
   those hostilities. At best peace-keeping objectives are established but with   
   no forward thinking or way ahead to unite the human society and move   
   factions out of the dogmas that create instability, tension and war.   
      
   The tyrannization and oppression of the Tibetan people, the massacres in the   
   Balkans, tribal conflicts in Africa, religious persecution in the Middle   
   East and the persecution of minorities in Bangla Desh and elsewhere   
   demonstrate clearly the impotence of the United Nations. Some examples show   
   this. The Khalenj Times of the United Arab Emirates wrote: "Blunt military   
   action in Somalia to avenge armed offences against U.N. personnel contrasts   
   starkly with inaction . in the face of persistent Nazi-like atrocities   
   against Bosnian Muslims." Il Messagero of Italy wrote: "It was hoped that   
   the U.N. could finally carry out its duties in a world government framework,   
   [but] it does not yet have the authority, the strength, or the necessary   
   political design to accomplish its tasks."   
      
   The powerlessness of the world body lies in the fact that any one of the Big   
   Five (the permanent members of the Security Council) can veto any crucial   
   decision of the collective body. Another vital problem is the contradiction   
   in the U.N. Charter between its first purpose - to maintain international   
   peace - and the first principle of "the sovereign equality of all its   
   members". That means the U.N. has no real authority to interfere in the   
   internal affairs of any nation even if the ruling class victimizes its   
   minorities. As an inevitable consequence the suppression of minorities and   
   the exodus of refugees are increasing, with utter disregard for justice and   
   human values.   
      
   One of the principal tasks of the U.N., as set forth in Article 55 of the   
   Charter, is to promote "Universal respect for, and observance of human   
   rights and fundamental freedom for all without distinction as to race, sex,   
   language and religion." In conformity with this provision of the Charter,   
   the Human Rights Commission was set up by the Economic and Social Council of   
   the U.N. The Commission drew up the famous Universal Declaration of Human   
   Rights, which was adopted by the General Assembly of the U.N. in December   
   1948. This declaration is regarded as an international Magna Charta for all   
   of humanity.   
      
   The Declaration consists of a Preamble and 30 articles. Closely following   
   the American Bill of Rights and declarations of people's rights in other   
   countries, the first part of the Declaration reaffirms political and civil   
   rights and various freedoms, such as freedom of speech and worship, personal   
   security, equality before the law, a right to own property, etc. The second   
   part deals with more recently recognized human rights, generally called   
   economic, social and cultural rights.   
      
   But a mere declaration of rights cannot ensure the enjoyment of these rights   
   unless they are recognized and enforced by their governments. In the absence   
   of any constitutional obligation and any agency to enforce these rights, the   
   Declaration has so far remained somewhat a pious wish. It is essential today   
   to ensure some form of legal sanction so that rights can be enforced. For   
   this to happen, the world body must have constitutional sovereignty over   
   national sovereignty.   
      
   To neutralize the antagonisms between ethnic, racial, religious and tribal   
   groups, the spirit of neo-humanism should be given prime importance.   
      
   In the opinion of M.N. Roy:   
      
   "Humanism is cosmopolitan. It does not run after utopian internationalism,   
   which presupposes the existence of autonomous national states. A   
   cosmopolitan commonwealth of free men and women is a possibility. It will be   
   a spiritual community, not limited by the boundaries of national states -   
   capitalist, fascist, communist or any other ism, which will gradually   
   disappear under the impact of cosmopolitan humanism."   
      
   Shrii Prabhat Rainjan Sarkar proposes:   
      
   "The universe is just like a joint family. Peace and tranquillity depend on   
   a well-knit socio-economic structure. The moulding of the socio-economic   
   structure depends on the ideological outlook. First we should have a   
   constructive ideal. The ideal should not only be a culminating point but it   
   should be a starting point also."   
      
   To this objective, Sarkar further proposes:   
      
   "Universalism does not depend upon any relative factor. Hence it is free   
   from the vices of 'isms'. 'Isms' are a major contributor to war. Those who   
   are eager to establish peace should shake off nationalism and other allied   
   'isms'. If we are to shake off these 'isms' we have to organize a universal   
   body and go on strengthening its power. It will be the first phase in   
   establishing the World Government. In the initial stage it will be a law   
   framing body. The first beneficial effect of such a body will be that no   
   country will be allowed to frame laws detrimental to the interest of its   
   minorities. The right of executing those laws will be vested with the   
   local/municipal government and not with the World Government. That World   
   Government will decide the principles to enforce law in a particular   
   country."   
      
   With the centralization of political power, it should be the case that   
   economic power should be decentralized. Self-reliant socio-economic zones   
   should be based on the sentimental legacy and economic potentiality of each   
   zone. This will be the lowest political unit of the world confederation.   
      
   Discarding all forms of nationalism or internationalism in the form of   
   fascism, communism, capitalism, etc, universalism must find its way towards   
   the establishment of a world government. The following factors are essential   
   for this purpose:   
      
   - Common philosophy of life   
      
   - Universality of constitutional structure   
      
   - A common penal code   
      
   - Availability of the minimum requirements of life   
      
   - Guarantee of the minimum necessities of life.   
      
   1) A common philosophy of life   
      
      
   [continued in next message]   
      
   --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05   
    * Origin: you cannot sedate... all the things you hate (1:229/2)