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   From: oO@oO.com   
      
   "Bush - Nazi Dealings Continued Until 1951" - Federal Documents   
   By John Buchanan and Stacey Michael   
   from The New Hampshire Gazette Vol. 248, No. 3, November 7, 2003   
      
   After the seizures in late 1942 of five U.S. enterprises he managed on   
   behalf of Nazi industrialist Fritz Thyssen, Prescott Bush, the grandfather   
   of President George W. Bush, failed to divest himself of more than a dozen   
   "enemy national" relationships that continued until as late as 1951,   
   newly-discovered U.S. government documents reveal.   
      
   Furthermore, the records show that Bush and his colleagues routinely   
   attempted to conceal their activities from government investigators.   
      
   Bush's partners in the secret web of Thyssen-controlled ventures included   
   former New York Governor W. Averell Harriman and his younger brother, E.   
   Roland Harriman. Their quarter-century of Nazi financial transactions, from   
   1924-1951, were conducted by the New York private banking firm, Brown   
   Brothers Harriman.   
      
   The White House did not return phone calls seeking comment.   
      
   Although the additional seizures under the Trading with the Enemy Act did   
   not take place until after the war, documents from The National Archives and   
   Library of Congress confirm that Bush and his partners continued their Nazi   
   dealings unabated. These activities included a financial relationship with   
   the German city of Hanover and several industrial concerns. They went   
   undetected by investigators until after World War Two.   
      
   At the same time Bush and the Harrimans were profiting from their Nazi   
   partnerships, W. Averell Harriman was serving as President Franklin Delano   
   Roosevelt's personal emissary to the United Kingdom during the toughest   
   years of the war. On October 28, 1942, the same day two key   
   Bush-Harriman-run businesses were being seized by the U.S. government,   
   Harriman was meeting in London with Field Marshall Smuts to discuss the war   
   effort.   
      
   Denial and Deceit   
      
   While Harriman was concealing his Nazi relationships from his government   
   colleagues, Cornelius Livense, the top executive of the interlocking German   
   concerns held under the corporate umbrella of Union Banking Corporation   
   (UBC), repeatedly tried to mislead investigators, and was sometimes   
   supported in his subterfuge by Brown Brothers Harriman.   
      
   All of the assets of UBC and its related businesses belonged to   
   Thyssen-controlled enterprises, including his Bank voor Handel en   
   Scheepvaart in Rotterdam, the documents state.   
      
   Nevertheless, Livense, president of UBC, claimed to have no knowledge of   
   such a relationship. "Strangely enough, (Livense) claims he does not know   
   the actual ownership of the company," states a government report.   
      
   H.D Pennington, manager of Brown Brothers Harriman and a director of UBC   
   "for many years," also lied to investigators about the secret and   
   well-concealed relationship with Thyssen's Dutch bank, according to the   
   documents.   
      
   Investigators later reported that the company was "wholly owned" by   
   Thyssen's Dutch bank.   
      
   Despite such ongoing subterfuge, U.S. investigators were able to show that   
   "a careful examination of UBC's general ledger, cash books and journals from   
   1919 until the present date clearly establish that the principal and   
   practically only source of funds has been Bank voor Handel en Scheepvaart."   
      
   In yet another attempt to mislead investigators, Livense said that $240,000   
   in banknotes in a safe deposit box at Underwriters Trust Co. in New York had   
   been given to him by another UBC-Thyssen associate, H.J. Kouwenhoven,   
   managing director of Thyssen's Dutch bank and a director of the August   
   Thyssen Bank in Berlin. August Thyssen was Fritz's father.   
      
   The government report shows that Livense first neglected to report the   
   $240,000, then claimed that it had been given to him as a gift by   
   Kouwenhoven. However, by the time Livense filed a financial disclosure with   
   U.S. officials, he changed his story again and reported the sum as a debt   
   rather than a cash holding.   
      
   In yet another attempt to deceive the governments of both the U.S. and   
   Canada, Livense and his partners misreported the facts about the sale of a   
   Canadian Nazi front enterprise, La Cooperative Catholique des Consommateurs   
   de Combustible, which imported German coal into Canada via the web of   
   Thyssen-controlled U.S. businesses.   
      
   "The Canadian authorities, however, were not taken in by this maneuver," a   
   U.S. government report states. The coal company was later seized by Canadian   
   authorities.   
      
   After the war, a total of 18 additional Brown Brothers Harriman and   
   UBC-related client assets were seized under The Trading with the Enemy Act,   
   including several that showed the continuation of a relationship with the   
   Thyssen family after the initial 1942 seizures.   
      
   The records also show that Bush and the Harrimans conducted business after   
   the war with related concerns doing business in or moving assets into   
   Switzerland, Panama, Argentina and Brazil - all critical outposts for the   
   flight of Nazi capital after Germany's surrender in 1945. Fritz Thyssen died   
   in Argentina in 1951.   
      
   One of the final seizures, in October 1950, concerned the U.S. assets of a   
   Nazi baroness named Theresia Maria Ida Beneditka Huberta Stanislava Martina   
   von Schwarzenberg, who also used two shorter aliases. Brown Brothers   
   Harriman, where Prescott Bush and the Harrimans were partners, attempted to   
   convince government investigators that the baroness had been a victim of   
   Nazi persecution and therefore should be allowed to maintain her assets.   
      
   "It appears, rather, that the subject was a member of the Nazi party,"   
   government investigators concluded.   
      
   At the same time the last Brown Brothers Harriman client assets were seized,   
   Prescott Bush announced his Senate campaign that led to his election in   
   1952.   
      
   Investigation Investigated?   
      
   In 1943, six months after the seizure of UBC and its related companies, a   
   government investigator noted in a Treasury Department memo dated April 8,   
   1943 that the FBI had inquired about the status of any investigation into   
   Bush and the Harrimans.   
      
   "I gave 'a memorandum' which did not say anything about the American   
   officers of subject," the investigator wrote. "(Another investigator) wanted   
   to know whether any specific action had been taken by us with respect to   
   them."   
      
   No further action beyond the initial seizures was ever taken, and the   
   newly-confirmed records went unseen by the American people for six decades.   
      
   What Does It All Mean?   
      
   So why are the documents relevant today?   
      
   "The story of Prescott Bush and Brown Brothers Harriman is an introduction   
   to the real history of our country," says L.A. art book publisher and   
   historian Edward Boswell. "It exposes the money-making motives behind our   
      
   [continued in next message]   
      
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