From: theleasthappyfella@gmail.com   
      
   On Saturday, February 10, 2024 at 1:04:51 PM UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:   
   > On Saturday, February 10, 2024 at 9:14:42 AM UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > On Friday, February 9, 2024 at 12:57:04 PM UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > On Friday, February 9, 2024 at 8:46:59 AM UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > On Thursday, February 8, 2024 at 12:09:22 PM UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard   
   wrote:    
   > > > > > On Thursday, February 8, 2024 at 8:26:34 AM UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard   
   wrote:    
   > > > > > > On Tuesday, February 6, 2024 at 9:05:42 AM UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard   
   wrote:    
   > > > > > > > On Sunday, February 4, 2024 at 2:01:01 PM UTC-8, Jeffrey   
   Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > On Sunday, February 4, 2024 at 9:19:09 AM UTC-8, Jeffrey   
   Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > On Friday, February 2, 2024 at 12:17:12 PM UTC-8, Jeffrey   
   Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > On Wednesday, January 31, 2024 at 8:37:18 AM UTC-8,   
   Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > On Tuesday, January 30, 2024 at 9:01:01 AM UTC-8,   
   Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > On Tuesday, December 19, 2023 at 2:45:14 PM UTC-8,   
   Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Saturday, December 16, 2023 at 2:02:58 PM   
   UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Saturday, December 16, 2023 at 8:38:52 AM   
   UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Friday, December 15, 2023 at 8:24:35 AM   
   UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Thursday, December 14, 2023 at   
   12:30:58 PM UTC-8, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Sunday, October 1, 2023 at 8:27:50 AM   
   UTC-7, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Sunday, September 24, 2023 at   
   8:34:33 AM UTC-7, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Saturday, September 23, 2023 at   
   1:10:38 PM UTC-7, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > On Sunday, September 10, 2023 at   
   2:32:06 PM UTC-7, Jeffrey Rubard wrote:    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > From Chapter 15: "Kill All the   
   Americans"    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > It took Dearborn's purchasing agents   
   some effort to find a factory whistle that wouldn't rust from the jungle   
   humidity. Once they did, they shipped it to Fordlandia, where it was perched   
   on top of the water tower,   
    above the tall trees, giving it a seven-mile range. The whistle was piercing   
   enough not only to reach dispersed road gangs and fieldhands but to be heard   
   across the river, where even those not affiliated with Fordlandia began to   
   pace their day to its    
   regularly scheduled blows. The whistle was supplemented by another icon of   
   industrial factory work: pendulum punch time clocks, placed at different   
   locations around the plantation, that recorded exactly when each employee   
   began and ended his workday.    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Sponsor Message    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > In Detroit, immigrant workers by the   
   time they got to Ford's factories, even if they were peasants and shepherds,   
   had had ample opportunity to adjust to the meter of industrial life. The long   
   lines at Ellis    
   Island, the clocks that hung on the walls of depots and waiting rooms, the   
   fairly precise schedules of ships and trains, and standardized time that   
   chopped the sun's daily arc into zones combined to guide their motions and   
   change their inner sense of how    
   the days passed.    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > But in the Amazon, the transition   
   between agricultural time and industrial time was much more precipitous. Prior   
   to showing up at Fordlandia, many of the plantation's workers who had lived in   
   the region had set    
   their pace by two distinct yet complementary timepieces. The first was the   
   sun, its rise and fall marking the beginning and end of the day, its apex   
   signaling the time to take to the shade and sleep. The second was the turn of   
   the seasons: most of the    
   labor needed to survive was performed during the relatively dry months of June   
   to November. Rainless days made rubber tapping possible, while the recession   
   of the floods exposed newly enriched soils, ready to plant, and concentrated   
   fish, making them    
   easier to catch. But nothing was set in stone. Excessive rain or prolonged   
   periods of drought or heat led to adjustments of schedules. Before the coming   
   of Ford, Tapajos workers lived time, they didn't measure it — most rarely   
   ever heard church bells,    
   much less a factory whistle. It was difficult, therefore, as David Riker, who   
   performed many jobs for Ford, including labor recruiter, said, "to make   
   365-day machines out of these people."    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > >    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > In 1927, Henry Ford bought a tract   
   of land stretching twice the size of Deleware in the Amazonian jungle of   
   Brazil. Fordlandia, as it was called, was meant to be a large rubber   
   plantation.    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Courtesy of The Collections of the   
   Henry Ford    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Ford executives stand on the deck of   
   the Lake Ormoc. Left to right: William Cowling, Edsel Ford, Einar Oxholm,   
   Henry Ford, Pete Martin, Charles Sorensen, and AlbertWibel.    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Courtesy of The Collections of the   
   Henry Ford    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Workers chop down a tree in   
   Fordlandia. Greg Grandin, author of "Fordlandia," claims that the complex   
   ecological conditions and a clash of cultures between the Americans and native   
   workers ultimately led to the    
   failure of the project.    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Courtesy of The Collections of the   
   Henry Ford    
   > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > Along with the construction of the   
   rubber plantation, Ford also created small American towns that included   
   central squares, indoor plumbing, golf courses and hospitals.    
      
   [continued in next message]   
      
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