From: nospam@needed.invalid   
      
   On Sat, 3/22/2025 8:52 AM, Carlos E.R. wrote:   
   > On 2025-03-21 15:16, Paul wrote:   
   >> On Fri, 3/21/2025 6:51 AM, Carlos E.R. wrote:   
   >>> On 2025-03-20 23:01, Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:   
   >>>> On Thu, 20 Mar 2025 12:24:07 +0100, Carlos E.R. wrote:   
   >>>>   
   >>>>> On 2025-03-19 22:00, Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:   
   >>>>>>   
   >>>>>> On Wed, 19 Mar 2025 16:05:06 +0000, Ant wrote:   
   >>>>>>   
   >>>>>>> exFAT can handle bigger files and partitions.   
   >>>>>>   
   >>>>>> But it doesn’t offer the option for journalling to guard against   
   >>>>>> filesystem corruption on crashes or improper removal/shutdown, does it.   
   >>>>>   
   >>>>> Perfect.   
   >>>>>   
   >>>>> You do not want journalling on an usb stick or memory card.   
   >>>>   
   >>>> But SSDs are also built on flash memory technology; do you disable   
   >>>> journalling on those as well?   
   >>>   
   >>> No, they have wear levelling, and an expected lifetime with normal usage   
   patterns that is quite long.   
   >>>   
   >>   
   >> Exactly. SSDs algorithm and processing power (I read of an   
   >> SSD yesterday with a five core ARM processor in it), ensures   
   >> that the entire wear life of the device (number of cells times cycles)   
   >> is harvested. USB sticks don't even come remotely close to that. Some   
   >> USB sticks, don't even seem to follow what technical information   
   >> is available for them. Either their flash chips are entire crap   
   >> (should have been thrown out at flash factory), or, something   
   >> is very wrong with the controller.   
   >   
   > I just realized I have an nvme with 72713 hours of use. Probably the first   
   one I bought.   
   >   
   >   
   > === START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===   
   > Model Family:     SandForce Driven SSDs   
   > Device Model:     KINGSTON SMS200S3120G   
   > Serial Number:    ...   
   > LU WWN Device Id: 5 0026b7 26901494e   
   > Firmware Version: 608ABBF0   
   > User Capacity:    120,034,123,776 bytes [120 GB]   
   > Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical   
   > Rotation Rate:    Solid State Device   
   > TRIM Command:     Available   
   > Device is:        In smartctl database 7.3/5528   
   > ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS, ACS-2 T13/2015-D revision 3   
   > SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)   
   > Local Time is:    Sat Mar 22 13:14:02 2025 CET   
   > SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.   
   > SMART support is: Enabled   
   >   
   > ...   
   >   
   > SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10   
   > Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:   
   > ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH   
   TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE   
   >   1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x0032   095   095   050      
   Old_age   Always       -       0/38481593   
   >   5 Retired_Block_Count     0x0033   100   100   003      
   Pre-fail  Always       -       0   
   >   9 Power_On_Hours_and_Msec 0x0032   017   017   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       72713h+43m+19.000s   
   >  12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       184   
   > 171 Program_Fail_Count      0x000a   100   100   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       0   
   > 172 Erase_Fail_Count        0x0032   100   100   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       0   
   > 174 Unexpect_Power_Loss_Ct  0x0030   000   000   000      
   Old_age   Offline      -       134   
   > 177 Wear_Range_Delta        0x0000   000   000   000      
   Old_age   Offline      -       1   
   > 181 Program_Fail_Count      0x000a   100   100   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       0   
   > 182 Erase_Fail_Count        0x0032   100   100   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       0   
   > 187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0012   100   100   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       0   
   > 189 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0000   045   113   000    Old_age     
   Offline      -       45 (Min/Max 0/113)   
   > 194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   045   113   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       45 (Min/Max 0/113)   
   > 195 ECC_Uncorr_Error_Count  0x001c   120   120   000      
   Old_age   Offline      -       0/38481593   
   > 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0033   100   100   003    Pre-fail    
   Always       -       0   
   > 201 Unc_Soft_Read_Err_Rate  0x001c   120   120   000      
   Old_age   Offline      -       0/38481593   
   > 204 Soft_ECC_Correct_Rate   0x001c   120   120   000      
   Old_age   Offline      -       0/38481593   
   > 230 Life_Curve_Status       0x0013   100   100   000      
   Pre-fail  Always       -       100   
   > 231 SSD_Life_Left           0x0000   094   094   011      
   Old_age   Offline      -       34359738368   
   > 233 SandForce_Internal      0x0032   000   000   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       40546   
   > 234 SandForce_Internal      0x0032   000   000   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       14524   
   > 241 Lifetime_Writes_GiB     0x0032   000   000   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       14524   
   > 242 Lifetime_Reads_GiB      0x0032   000   000   000      
   Old_age   Always       -       8232   
   > 244 Unknown_Attribute       0x0000   090   090   010      
   Old_age   Offline      -       20906303   
   >   
   >   
   > I just run a short test, but it doesn't show - or they count hours   
   differently:   
   >   
   > SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1   
   > Num  Test_Description    Status                    
   Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error   
   > # 1  Short offline       Completed without error         
   00%      7178         -   
   > # 2  Extended offline    Completed without error         
   00%      7168         -   
   > # 3  Short offline       Completed without error         
   00%      7166         -   
      
   That's amazing, that a 120GB drive is still alive. Some of those   
   die due to firmware issues.   
      
   it could be a SATA type NVME, rather than a PCIe.   
      
   The entry in /dev should help you identify what it is listed under.   
      
   As far as I know, Sandforce did compressing controllers for SATA,   
   and Kingston was their major customer. I could not tell you   
   whether Sandforce was still in business or not.   
      
      Paul   
      
   --- SoupGate-DOS v1.05   
    * Origin: you cannot sedate... all the things you hate (1:229/2)