From: derek@NOSPAM-knosof.co.uk   
      
   All,   
      
   There has been remarkably little work that tries to measure   
   programming language similarity.   
      
   Yes, there are many multi-language runtime benchmark comparisons, and   
   people extract data from Wikipedia to made dubious claims.   
      
   Does anybody know of other kinds of attempts at measuring language   
   similarity?   
      
   Here is one approach   
   https://shape-of-code.com/2022/04/24/programming-language-simila   
   ity-based-on-their-traits/   
   [That seems awfully simplistic.  Fortran and PL/I both have FORMAT statements   
   that look   
   superficially similar but the semantics are very different. -John]   
      
   --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05   
    * Origin: you cannot sedate... all the things you hate (1:229/2)