From: anton@mips.complang.tuwien.ac.at   
      
   Paul Rubin  writes:   
   >albert@spenarnc.xs4all.nl writes:   
   >> I always thought that closures are invented by lispers, because   
   >> in lisp you cannot write normal programs.   
   >   
   >Lisp didn't get them until fairly late in its evolution, I think.  Maybe   
   >old time Lispers here would know.  But I think Scheme was the first   
   >dialect that really made use of them.   
      
   Yes, Scheme was the first implemented Lisp with lexical scoping and it   
   allows treating closures as first-class values.  However, static   
   scoping was the original intention of McCarthy when he designed Lisp,   
   and he considered the dynamically scoped implementation to be a bug.   
   However, Hyrum's law struck, and mainstream Lisp kept dynamic scoping,   
   with static scoping being added in Common Lisp.   
      
   >Algol 60 its own version much   
   >earlier, in the form of call-by-name parameters.   
      
   That, too, but Algol 60 also has nested functions/procedures with   
   static scoping.  Algol 60 does not have first-class closures, though,   
   and some people reservere the name "closure" to first-class closures.   
      
   - anton   
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   M. Anton Ertl  http://www.complang.tuwien.ac.at/anton/home.html   
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