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|    trolls (1/2)    |
|    16 Feb 25 13:11:48    |
   
   From: noreply@mixmin.net   
      
   (using Tor Browser 14.0.6)   
   https://duckduckgo.com/?q=troll   
   >...   
   >troll /trol/   
   >intransitive verb   
   > 1. To fish for by trailing a baited line from behind a slowly moving boat.   
   > 2. To fish in by trailing a baited line.   
   > "troll the lake for bass."   
   > 3. To trail (a baited line) in fishing.   
   >The American Heritage(r) Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition *   
   >More at Wordnik   
   >...   
   >https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troll   
   >A troll is a being in Nordic folklore, including Norse mythology. In Old   
   >Norse sources, beings described as trolls dwell in isolated areas of rocks,   
   >mountains, or caves, live together in small family units, and are rarely   
   >helpful to human beings.   
   >In later Scandinavian folklore, trolls became beings in their own right,   
   >where they live far from human habitation, are not Christianized, and are   
   >considered dangerous to human beings. Depending on the source, their   
   >appearance varies greatly; trolls may be ugly and slow-witted, or look and   
   >behave exactly like human beings, with no particularly grotesque   
   >characteristic about them.   
   >In Scandinavian folklore, trolls are sometimes associated with particular   
   >landmarks (sometimes said to have been formed by a troll having been   
   >exposed to sunlight). Trolls are depicted in a variety of media in modern   
   >popular culture.   
   >Etymology   
   >The Old Norse nouns troll and troll (variously meaning "fiend, demon,   
   >werewolf, jotunn") and Middle High German troll, trolle "fiend" (according   
   >to philologist Vladimir Orel, the word is likely borrowed from Old Norse),   
   >possibly developed from Proto-Germanic neuter noun *trullan, meaning "to   
   >tread, step on". The origin of the Proto-Germanic word is unknown.[1]   
   >Additionally, the Old Norse verb trylla 'to enchant, to turn into a troll'   
   >and the Middle High German verb trullen "to flutter" both developed from   
   >the Proto-Germanic verb *trulljanan, a derivative of *trullan.[1]   
   >Norse mythology   
   >In Norse mythology, troll, like thurs, is a term applied to jotnar and is   
   >mentioned throughout the Old Norse corpus. In Old Norse sources, trolls   
   >are said to dwell in isolated mountains, rocks, and caves, sometimes live   
   >together (usually as father-and-daughter or mother-and-son), and are   
   >rarely described as helpful or friendly.[2] The Prose Edda book   
   >Skaldskaparmal describes an encounter between an unnamed troll woman and   
   >the 9th-century skald Bragi Boddason. According to the section, Bragi was   
   >driving through "a certain forest" late one evening when a troll woman   
   >aggressively asked him who he was, in the process describing herself:   
   >Old Norse:...[3]   
   >Anthony Faulkes translation:   
   > 'Trolls call me moon of dwelling-Rungnir, giant's wealth-sucker, storm-   
   > sun's bale, seeress's friendly companion, guardian of corpse-fiord,   
   > swallower of heaven-wheel; what is a troll other than that?'[4]   
   >John Lindow translation:   
   > They call me a troll, moon of the earth-Hrungnir [?] wealth sucker [?]   
   > of the giant, destroyer of the storm-sun [?] beloved follower of the   
   > seeress, guardian of the "nafjord" [?] swallower of the wheel of heaven   
   > [the sun]. What's a troll if not that?[3]   
   >Bragi responds in turn, describing himself and his abilities as a skillful   
   >skald, before the scenario ends.[4]   
   >There is much confusion and overlap in the use of Old Norse terms jotunn,   
   >troll, burs, and risi, which describe various beings. Lotte Motz theorized   
   >that these were originally four distinct classes of beings: lords of   
   >nature (jotunn), mythical magicians (troll), hostile monsters (burs), and   
   >heroic and courtly beings (risi), the last class being the youngest   
   >addition. On the other hand, Armann Jakobson is critical of Motz's   
   >interpretation and calls this theory "unsupported by any convincing   
   >evidence".[5] Armann highlights that the term is used to denote various   
   >beings, such as a jotunn or mountain-dweller, a witch, an abnormally   
   >strong or large or ugly person, an evil spirit, a ghost, a blamadr, a   
   >magical boar, a heathen demi-god, a demon, a brunnmigi, or a berserker.   
   >[6][7]   
   >Scandinavian folklore   
   >Later in Scandinavian folklore, trolls become defined as a particular   
   >type of being.[8] Numerous tales are recorded about trolls in which they   
   >are frequently described as being extremely old, very strong, but slow and   
   >dim-witted, and are at times described as man-eaters and as turning to   
   >stone upon contact with sunlight.[9] However, trolls are also attested as   
   >looking much the same as human beings, without any particularly hideous   
   >appearance about them, but living far away from human habitation and   
   >generally having "some form of social organization"--unlike the ra and   
   >nack, who are attested as "solitary beings". According to John Lindow,   
   >what sets them apart is that they are not Christian, and those who   
   >encounter them do not know them. Therefore, trolls were in the end   
   >dangerous, regardless of how well they might get along with Christian   
   >society, and trolls display a habit of bergtagning ('kidnapping';   
   >literally "mountain-taking") and overrunning a farm or estate.[10]   
   >Lindow states that the etymology of the word "troll" remains uncertain,   
   >though he defines trolls in later Swedish folklore as "nature beings" and   
   >as "all-purpose otherworldly being[s], equivalent, for example, to   
   >fairies in Anglo-Celtic traditions". They "therefore appear in various   
   >migratory legends where collective nature-beings are called for". Lindow   
   >notes that trolls are sometimes swapped out for cats and "little people"   
   >in the folklore record.[10]   
   >A Scandinavian folk belief that lightning frightens away trolls and   
   >jotnar appears in numerous Scandinavian folktales, and may be a late   
   >reflection of the god Thor's role in fighting such beings. In connection,   
   >the lack of trolls and jotnar in modern Scandinavia is sometimes   
   >explained as a result of the "accuracy and efficiency of the lightning   
   >strokes".[11] Additionally, the absence of trolls in regions of   
   >Scandinavia is described in folklore as being a "consequence of the   
   >constant din of the church-bells". This ringing caused the trolls to   
   >leave for other lands, although not without some resistance; numerous   
   >traditions relate how trolls destroyed a church under construction or   
   >hurled boulders and stones at completed churches. Large local stones are   
   >sometimes described as the product of a troll's toss.[12] Additionally,   
   >into the 20th century, the origins of particular Scandinavian landmarks,   
   >such as particular stones, are ascribed to trolls who may, for example,   
   >have turned to stone upon exposure to sunlight.[9]   
   >Lindow compares the trolls of the Swedish folk tradition to Grendel, the   
   >supernatural mead hall invader in the Old English poem Beowulf, and notes   
   >that "just as the poem Beowulf emphasizes not the harrying of Grendel but   
   >the cleansing of the hall of Beowulf, so the modern tales stress the   
   >moment when the trolls are driven off."[10]   
   >Smaller trolls are attested as living in burial mounds and in mountains   
   >in Scandinavian folk tradition.[13] In Denmark, these creatures are   
      
   [continued in next message]   
      
   --- SoupGate-DOS v1.05   
    * Origin: you cannot sedate... all the things you hate (1:229/2)   
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