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                        Astronomy Picture of the Day

    Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our
      fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation
                    written by a professional astronomer.

                                2025 July 15
    A view of the surface of Mars shows an unusual feature -- a seemingly
    square crater bounded on three sides. Please see the explanation for
                         more detailed information.

                      Collapse in Hebes Chasma on Mars
            Image Credit & License: ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)

   Explanation: What's happened in Hebes Chasma on Mars? Hebes Chasma is a
   depression just north of the enormous Valles Marineris canyon. Since
   the depression is unconnected to other surface features, it is unclear
   where the internal material went. Inside Hebes Chasma is Hebes Mensa, a
   5 kilometer high mesa that appears to have undergone an unusual partial
   collapse -- a collapse that might be providing clues. The featured
   image, taken by ESA's robotic Mars Express spacecraft currently
   orbiting Mars, shows great details of the chasm and the unusual
   horseshoe shaped indentation in the central mesa. Material from the
   mesa appears to have flowed onto the floor of the chasm, while a
   possible dark layer appears to have pooled like ink on a downslope
   landing. One hypothesis holds that salty rock composes some lower
   layers in Hebes Chasma, with the salt dissolving in melted ice flows
   that drained through holes into an underground aquifer.

                   Tomorrow's picture: unicorn space rose
     __________________________________________________________________

       Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff (MTU) & Jerry Bonnell (UMCP)
            NASA Official: Amber Straughn Specific rights apply.
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                           NASA Science Activation
                             & Michigan Tech. U.

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