XPost: rec.audio.pro   
   From: nobody@but.us.chickens   
      
   On 11/19/2010 7:45 AM Scott Dorsey spake thus:   
      
   > In article , Randy Yates     
   > wrote:   
   >   
   >>> No. There's an informal standard used in the film industry and in   
   >>> many broadcast applications of +4dBu = -20dBFS, but it's never   
   >>> been codified as an official standard. The informal standard,   
   >>> though, is (I believe) based on an rms scale -- in other words, a   
   >>> tone that would read 0 VU on a VU meter calibrated to +4dBu would   
   >>> be -20dBFS. Correct me if I'm wrong on that last bit, but that's   
   >>> what I think is the case.   
   >>   
   >> There seems to be no universal agreement, but you are close to what   
   >> this guy says (under "Here come the numbers..."):   
   >>   
   >> +22dBu = 0dBFS ==> +4dBu = -18dBFS.   
   >>   
   >> I'm still not sure if that's FS sine or FS square.   
   >   
   > That's assuming a sine wave.   
   >   
   > Unfortunately if you use that standard and you record a trumpet with peaks   
   > at 0 dBu, you'll clip the hell out of your converters.   
   >   
   > This is because trumpets aren't making sine waves.   
      
   Nor violins. (Make pretty close to a triangular wave, I believe.)   
      
      
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