From: invalid@invalid.invalid   
      
   "Bill Sloman"  wrote in message news:10oci   
   3$14a5$1@dont-email.me...   
   > On 6/03/2026 4:12 am, Christopher Howard wrote:   
   >>>   
   >>> parallel protection1    parallel protection2   
   >>> -+-[>>   |             |         |                         |   
   >>> -+-[D3>]-[D4>]-+-       -+-[D5>]-[D6>]-[D7>]-[D8>]-+-   
   >>>   
   >>   
   >> Thank you, would you mind please explaining a little more about these   
   >> parallel protection circuits, i.e., how the protection works?   
   >   
   > It's depressingly simple-minded. The current through a silicon diode is an   
   exponential function of the current though it.   
      
   While true (if we correct the error which is so obvious it doesn't matter),   
   it's probably about the last thing I'd think of when trying to protect   
   a loudspeaker.   
      
   I'd suggest that the OP puts a resistor in series with his capacitor.   
   Better to watch a resistor go up in smoke rather than a speaker.   
   If it's an 8 ohm speaker try a beefy 10 ohm resistor and if you   
   can still hear what you want through the speaker then you have   
   greatly reduced the chances of damaging your speaker.   
      
   >   
   > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shockley_diode_equation   
   >   
   > typically 0.6V of voltage drop  gets you about 10mA of current. Add another   
   60mV and you get ten times as much current.   
   >   
   > Stick two strings of diodes in parallel with your load, one string to limit   
   the positive voltage swings and the other to limit the   
   > negative voltage swings, and if you apply an over-high voltage, the bulk of   
   the current flows through the diodes rather than the   
   > load.   
   >   
   > Get the data sheet for whatever diode you use and you can work out the rough   
   numbers. Most diodes aren't all that tightly   
   > specified, but some are, and if you insist on using cheap diodes at least   
   fix on a single part number and measure what they   
   > actually do. It is temperature dependent, but nothing all that dramatic.   
   >   
   > --   
   > Bill Sloman, Sydney   
   >   
      
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