From: olivercranglejr@gmail.com   
      
   OLFACTORY NERVE (CN I)   
   Function: Special sensory (special visceral afferent)—that is, the special   
   sense of smell. “Olfaction is the sensation of odors that results from the   
   detection of odorous substances aerosolized in the environment” (Simpson,   
   2006).   
   The cell bodies of olfactory receptor neurons are located in the olfactory   
   organ (the olfactory part of the nasal mucosa or olfactory area), which is   
   located in the roof of the nasal cavity, and along the nasal septum and medial   
   wall of the superior    
   nasal concha (Fig. 9.6, see p. 1062). Olfactory receptor neurons are both   
   receptors and conductors. The apical surfaces of the neurons possess fine   
   olfactory cilia, bathed by a film of watery mucus secreted by the olfactory   
   glands of the epithelium. The    
   olfactory cilia are stimulated by molecules of an odiferous gas dissolved in   
   the fluid.   
      
   FIGURE 9.6.  Olfactory system. A. This sagittal section through the nasal   
   cavity shows the relationship of the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulb.   
   B. The bodies of the olfactory receptor neurons are in the olfactory   
   epithelium. These bundles of axons    
   are collectively called the olfactory nerve (CN I).   
   The basal surfaces of the bipolar olfactory receptor neurons of the nasal   
   cavity of one side give rise to central processes that are collected into   
   approximately 20 olfactory nerves (L. fila olfactoria), constituting the right   
   or left olfactory nerve (CN    
   I). They pass through tiny foramina in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid   
   bone, surrounded by sleeves of dura mater and arachnoid mater, and enter the   
   olfactory bulb in the anterior cranial fossa (Figs. 9.2 and 9.3). The   
   olfactory bulb lies in contact    
   with the inferior or orbital surface of the frontal lobe of the cerebral   
   hemisphere. The olfactory nerve fibers synapse with mitral cells in the   
   olfactory bulb. The axons of these secondary neurons form the olfactory tract.   
   The olfactory bulbs and tracts    
   are anterior extensions of the forebrain.   
   Each olfactory tract divides into lateral and medial olfactory striae   
   (distinct fiber bands). The lateral olfactory stria terminates in the piriform   
   cortex of the anterior part of the temporal lobe, and the medial olfactory   
   stria projects through the    
   anterior commissure to contralateral olfactory structures. The olfactory   
   nerves are the only cranial nerves to enter the cerebrum directly.   
   The Bottom Line   
   OLFACTORY NERVE   
   ♦The olfactory nerves (CN I) have sensory fibers concerned with the special   
   sense of smell. ♦ The olfactory receptor neurons are in the olfactory   
   epithelium (olfactory mucosa) in the roof of the nasal cavity. ♦ The central   
   processes of the    
   olfactory receptor neurons ascend through foramina in the cribriform plate of   
   the ethmoid bone to reach the olfactory bulbs in the anterior cranial fossa.   
   These nerves synapse on neurons in the bulbs, and the processes of these   
   neurons follow the    
   olfactory tracts to the primary and associated areas of the cerebral cortex.   
      
      
      
   Read More:   
   https://www.inkling.com/read/clinically-oriented-anatomy-moore-a   
   ur-dalley-7th/chapter-9/olfactory-nerve-cn-i   
      
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