From: hound23x@gmail.com   
      
   Anti-inflammatory mechanism of dieting and fasting revealed   
      
      
       
   Feb 16, 2015   
      
   Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have found that a compound produced by   
   the body when dieting or fasting can block a part of the immune system   
   involved in several inflammatory disorders such as type 2 diabetes,   
   atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's    
   disease.   
      
   In their study, published in the Feb. 16 online issue of Nature Medicine, the   
   researchers described how the compound β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) directly   
   inhibits NLRP3, which is part of a complex set of proteins called the   
   inflammasome. The inflammasome    
   drives the inflammatory response in several disorders including autoimmune   
   diseases, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and   
   autoinflammatory disorders.   
   "These findings are important because endogenous metabolites like BHB that   
   block the NLRP3 inflammasome could be relevant against many inflammatory   
   diseases, including those where there are mutations in the NLRP3 genes," said   
   Vishwa Deep Dixit, professor    
   in the Section of Comparative Medicine at Yale School of Medicine.   
      
   BHB is a metabolite produced by the body in response to fasting,   
   high-intensity exercise, caloric restriction, or consumption of the   
   low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet. Dixit said it is well known that fasting and   
   calorie restriction reduces inflammation in    
   the body, but it was unclear how immune cells adapt to reduced availability of   
   glucose and if they can respond to metabolites produced from fat oxidation.   
      
   Working with mice and human immune cells, Dixit and colleagues focused on how   
   macrophages—specialized immune cells that produce inflammation—respond   
   when exposed to ketone bodies and whether that impacts the inflammasone   
   complex.   
      
   The team introduced BHB to mouse models of inflammatory diseases caused by   
   NLP3. They found that this reduced inflammation, and that inflammation was   
   also reduced when the mice were given a ketogenic diet, which elevates the   
   levels of BHB in the    
   bloodstream.   
      
   "Our results suggest that the endogenous metabolites like BHB that are   
   produced during low-carb dieting, fasting, or high-intensity exercise can   
   lower the NLRP3 inflammasome," said Dixit.   
      
       
   More information: The ketone metabolite β-hydroxybutyrate blocks NLRP3   
   inflammasome-mediated inflammatory disease, Nature Medicine, dx.   
   oi.org/10.1038/nm.3804   
      
   Related paper: A small - molecule inhibitior of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the   
   treatment of inflammatory diseases, Nature Medicine, dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.3806   
      
   See: Team uncovers marvel molecule that could lead to treatments for   
   inflammatory diseases   
      
   Provided by Yale University   
      
   Explore further   
      
   Plant used in traditonal Chinese medicine may treat metabolic diseases and   
   obesity   
      
   December 1th, 2014   
      
       
       
       
       
    http://m.medicalxpress.com/news/2015-02-anti-inflammatory-mecha   
   ism-dieting-fasting-revealed.html#ajTabs   
      
   --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05   
    * Origin: you cannot sedate... all the things you hate (1:229/2)