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   J Alzheimers Dis. 2014;41(1):301-11. doi: 10.3233/JAD-132681.   
      
   Fungal infection in patients with Alzheimer's disease.   
   Alonso R1, Pisa D1, Marina AI1, Morato E1, Rábano A2, Carrasco L1.   
   Author information   
   1Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa CSIC-UAM, C/ Nicolás Cabrera, 1   
   Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.   
   2Department of Neuropathology and Tissue Bank, Unidad de Investigación   
   Proyecto Alzheimer, Fundación CIEN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid,   
   Spain.   
   Abstract   
   Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to   
   dementia mainly among the elderly. This disease is characterized by the   
   presence in the brain of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles that   
   provoke neuronal cell death,    
   vascular dysfunction, and inflammatory processes. In the present work, we have   
   analyzed the existence of fungal infection in Alzheimer's disease patients. A   
   proteomic analysis provides compelling evidence for the existence of fungal   
   proteins in brain    
   samples from Alzheimer's disease patients. Furthermore, PCR analysis reveals a   
   variety of fungal species in these samples, dependent on the patient and the   
   tissue tested. DNA sequencing demonstrated that several fungal species can be   
   found in brain    
   samples. Together, these results show that fungal macromolecules can be   
   detected in brain from Alzheimer's disease patients. To our knowledge these   
   findings represent the first evidence that fungal infection is detectable in   
   brain samples from Alzheimer'   
   s disease patients. The possibility that this may represent a risk factor or   
   may contribute to the etiological cause of Alzheimer's disease is discussed.   
   KEYWORDS:   
   Alzheimer's disease; brain proteomics; fungal DNA; fungal PCR; fungal infection   
   PMID: 24614898 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]   
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   http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24614898   
      
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