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   Higher B vitamin intake associated with better cognitive function in impaired   
   individuals   
      
   Life Extension Update   
   Tuesday, January 6, 2015. In an article published on December 17, 2014 in   
   Nutrition Journal, Korean researchers report a beneficial effect for increased   
   B vitamin intake on cognitive function in individuals with mild cognitive   
   impairment (MCI) and    
   Alzheimer's disease.   
      
   The study included 100 men and women with mild cognitive impairment, 100   
   Alzheimer's disease patients and 121 cognitively normal individuals aged 60   
   years and older. Participants completed eight tests of cognitive function,   
   including MMSE-KC, Boston    
   Naming Test, Verbal Fluency, Word List Memory, Word List Recall, Word List   
   Recognition, Constructional Recall and Constructional Praxis. Interview   
   responses provided data concerning dietary intake from food and supplements   
   the day prior to blood analysis    
   of B vitamin and homocysteine levels.   
      
   Higher total intake of vitamins B2, B6, B12 and folate was associated with   
   lower plasma homocysteine levels. When intake from diet alone among all   
   subjects was examined, increased consumption of vitamin B2 was associated with   
   improvement in    
   Constructional Recall Test scores, and those whose vitamin B6 intake levels   
   were greater had better Boston Naming Test and Word List Memory scores. Higher   
   folate intake was associated with better Word List Memory and Constructional   
   Recall scores.   
      
   Analysis of total intake of B vitamins from diet and supplements revealed   
   improvement in MMSE-KC and Boston Naming Test scores in association with   
   increased vitamin B2 intake, better Boston Naming Test scores in association   
   with total vitamin B6 intake,    
   and improvement in three of the eight test scores in association with   
   increased folic acid intake. When Alzheimer's disease patients were examined,   
   greater total intake of vitamins B2, B6, B12 and folic acid were individually   
   associated with numerous    
   improved scores. Those with mild cognitive impairment also experienced better   
   test scores in association with vitamins B2, B6 and folate, although the   
   number of tests that showed improvements was fewer than that of the   
   Alzheimer's disease group. Among    
   those with normal function, no associations between test scores and any of the   
   dietary parameters examined were observed.   
      
   "To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the   
   relationship between cognitive function scores and dietary intake by cognitive   
   status," Namsoo Chang of Ewha Womans University in Seoul and colleagues   
   announce.   
      
   They note that previous research has confirmed a correlation between lower   
   homocysteine levels and increased B vitamin intake. "Folate, vitamin B2,   
   vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 are involved in one-carbon transfer reactions such   
   as methylation, which is    
   necessary for the production of monoamine neurotransmitters, phospholipids and   
   nucleotides in the brain," they write. "Low levels of these B vitamins have   
   been associated with increased homocysteine, known to have a direct neurotoxic   
   effect."   
      
   "These results suggested that total B vitamins intake is associated with   
   cognitive function in cognitively impaired Alzheimer's disease and MCI   
   elderly, and the association is stronger in Alzheimer's disease patients,"   
   they conclude.   
      
       
      
   What's Hot	   
   Homocysteine linked with diminished cognitive function in older men and women	   
   What's Hot	    
       
   An article published online on August 5, 2013 in the Journal of Affective   
   Disorders reports an association between higher levels of plasma homocysteine   
   and an increased risk of cognitive impairment in older adults.   
      
   Researchers from the University of Western Australia and Royal Perth Hospital   
   recruited 358 individuals aged 50 and older with depressive symptoms, among   
   whom 70% met the criteria for major depression. Fasting blood samples were   
   analyzed for total plasma    
   homocysteine, serum vitamin B12 and red blood cell folate levels. Cognitive   
   tests administered included the Mini-mental state examination and tests of   
   verbal fluency, naming, word list immediate recall, word list delayed recall   
   and drawing (visual)    
   recall.   
      
   Seventy-one participants had high homocysteine levels, defined in this study   
   as 13 micromoles per liter or more. In subjects with and without major   
   depression, those with higher homocysteine levels had lower median folate and   
   vitamin B12 levels. "The    
   results of this cross-sectional study show that in this sample of older   
   adults, elevated total homocysteine was associated with weaker performance in   
   tests of immediate and delayed memory and global cognitive performance when   
   compared to those with    
   normal total homocysteine," authors Andrew H. Ford and his colleagues report.   
      
   "The finding that high total homocysteine is associated with cognitive   
   inefficiency in later life independent of depressive status has potential   
   public health implications," they note. "Homocysteine can be reliably lowered   
   by around 25% by daily    
   supplementation with vitamin B12 and folic acid, making it a potential   
   modifiable risk factor for cognitive impairment in depressed older adults."   
      
   "Homocysteine lowering B-vitamin supplementation may offer a potential   
   therapeutic target to try and mitigate the often-disabling impact of cognitive   
   deficits found in this population," they conclude.   
      
       
      
   Life Extension Clinical Research Update	   
   Coffee in cognitive, metabolic and immune health   
   South Florida location   
      
   Study Objective:   
   Assess the effectiveness and safety of daily consumption of coffee on   
   cognitive, metabolic and immune health in male and female participants over   
   the course of 60 days who initially report subjective memory complaints.   
      
   To Qualify:   
      
   You must be between 50 and 70 years of age   
   Be overweight (BMI of 25 - 35)   
   Overall healthy   
   Interested in consuming 3 cups of coffee daily (and currently not consuming   
   more than 1 cup daily)   
   Able to comply with all study procedures and visits   
   Your Involvement:   
      
   You will attend 5 visits over 60 days.   
   You will receive the study product (organic coffee) to be studied, supplies,   
   clinical evaluations, cognitive evaluations and blood tests   
   Register For This Study   
   Or call 1-866-517-4536   
      
   Compensation:   
      
   Study product (organic coffee) and supplies (e.g., French press and thermos)   
   Blood tests (including specific immune markers associated with cognitive   
   health)   
   Clinical evaluations   
   Up to $200 for time and travel expenses   
      
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