From: goldenfieldquaternions@gmail.com   
      
   On Tuesday, September 10, 2019 at 11:50:54 PM UTC-5, stargene wrote:   
   > In one of L. Susskind's papers ("Three Lectures on Complexity   
   > and Black Holes"?) he states, almost casually, that quantum field   
   > theory causes fluctuations in the micro-location of the horizon of   
   > a black holeÄ on the very finest scales.  S. Mathur confirmed for   
   > me (private comm.) that indeed a graviton, say, inside the horizon   
   > might therefore suddenly find itself just outside that BH horizon,   
   > though he believes it would be a rare event, due to a central   
   > singularity.   
   >   
   > So a puzzled question:   
   > Does such a thing represent a tiny violation of the standard tenet   
   > that a BH horizon is absolutely a one-way surface and that no   
   > information at all can propagate from the other side of the horizon   
   > back out into the horizon's exterior?   
      
   A quantum fluctuation is just the occurrence of a measured value that   
   deviates from the expected value. Quantum mechanics predicts this   
   because a quantum state or wave has a nonlocal aspect to it, where its   
   spread occurs without there being any "internal signalling." So on   
   either side of an event horizon a quantum wave may exist, but   
   information can flow only one way.   
      
   A measurement of a quantum system is a local process, or the   
   localization of a quantum state by some interaction. This happens in a   
   stochastic manner without there being any information communicated. So   
   quantum physics does present us with a sort of dichotomy between   
   nonlocality of the quantum principle and the locality of causal   
   principles.   
      
   Event horizons means there is a unidirectionality to information flow,   
   such as into a black hole. However, any external observer can only   
   witness quantum fields in the small time slice, in fact a Planck time,   
   before crossing. This information is also extremely red shifted and may   
   not be accessible. It is not hard to show in fact that anything   
   approaching the horizon will only leave its Planck scale UV signature as   
   quantum gravity oscillators. This is one way of looking at the no-hair   
   result of black holes. If a quantum state trapped on the horizon appears   
   outside, it appears both outside and on the horizon. There is then no   
   uniqueness to a quantum event at some point in spacetime, which makes   
   things nonlocal. In addition there is no causal process that determined   
   such a quantum state on the horizon should appear somewhere outside.   
      
   --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05   
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