From: tjoberts137@sbcglobal.net   
      
   On 11/1/22 2:44 AM, xray4abc wrote:   
   > Centrifugal forces  in rotational reference frames are not active   
   > forces  but reactive forces.   
      
   No. Here's why:   
      
   Consider a mass with a rope attached, and you pull on the rope, straight   
   away from the mass -- i.e. you apply a force to the rope, which is   
   clearly an active force. The reactive force of Newton's third law is the   
   tension of the rope, generated by the inertia of the mass and the force   
   you applied to the rope. To apply Newton's laws, one must use an   
   inertial frame, and I am implicitly using one when I describe this   
   physical situation that way.   
      
   Now consider the exact same physical situation, but using rotating   
   coordinates. To be clear, no object is rotating, only the coordinates   
   are rotating. The active and reactive forces remain exactly the same   
   (because coordinates are a human construct that cannot possibly affect   
   any natural/physical phenomenon, such as forces). But if you want to   
   apply Newton's laws using those rotating coordinates, you must also   
   include "centrifugal, Coriolis, and Euler forces" -- these are purely   
   artifacts of using the rotating coordinates. They are not real in any   
   sense of the word, and they are not "reactive", they are FICTIONS   
   created by human mathematics in order to permit a human analyst to act   
   as if Newton's laws applied in the rotating coordinates.   
      
        [Note: I put "centrifugal, Coriolis, and Euler forces" in   
         "scare quotes" because those names are inappropriate and   
         lead all too many people to error. They are not really   
         forces, they are imaginary constructs of human minds.   
         But the names are solidly established historically.]   
      
   > The active force on any given point of a spinning object is the   
   > centripetal force imposed on it by the mass-points on the same   
   > radius ..namely the ONES which are closer to the rotational axis.   
   > The reaction force ,to the centripetal force exerted in-and-on this   
   > given point......is the so called centrifugal force.   
      
   No. The reactive force is the tension on whatever is exerting the   
   centripetal force on the object, and it is generated by the inertia of   
   the object and the centripetal force. The "centrifugal force" is purely   
   an artifact of the mathematics of using rotating coordinates -- mental   
   constructs of humans are not real.   
      
   > [... repetitions of the above]   
      
   Tom Roberts   
      
   --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05   
    * Origin: you cannot sedate... all the things you hate (1:229/2)