From: hrramob@gmail.com   
      
   buh buh biden kirjutas Esmaspäev, 17. mai 2021 kl 08:49:48 UTC+3:   
   > The chemicals, called 6:2 FTOH, are now linked to a range of serious    
   > health issues, and Americans are still being exposed to them    
   >    
   > Chemical giants DuPont and Daikin knew the dangers of a PFAS compound    
   > widely used in food packaging since 2010, but hid them from the public and    
   > the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), company studies obtained by the    
   > Guardian reveal.    
   >    
   > The chemicals, called 6:2 FTOH, are now linked to a range of serious    
   > health issues, and Americans are still being exposed to them in    
   > greaseproof pizza boxes, carryout containers, fast-food wrappers, and    
   > paperboard packaging.    
   >    
   > Plummeting sperm counts, shrinking penises: toxic chemicals threaten    
   > humanity    
   > Erin Brockovich    
   > Erin Brockovich    
   > Read more    
   > The companies initially told the FDA that the compounds were safer and    
   > less likely to accumulate in humans than older types of PFAS, also known    
   > as “forever chemicals” and submitted internal studies to support that    
   > claim.    
   >    
   > But Daikin withheld a 2009 study that indicated toxicity to lab rats’    
   > livers and kidneys, while DuPont in 2012 did not alert the FDA or public    
   > to new internal data that indicated that the chemical stays in animals’    
   > bodies for much longer than initially thought.    
   >    
   > Science from industry, the FDA and independent researchers now links 6:2    
   > FTOH to kidney disease, liver damage, cancer, neurological damage,    
   > developmental problems and autoimmune disorders, while researchers also    
   > found higher mortality rates among young animals and mothers exposed to    
   > the chemicals.    
   >    
   > Had the FDA seen the data, it is unlikely that it would have approved 6:2    
   > FTOH, said Maricel Maffini, an independent researcher who studies PFAS in    
   > food packaging. And though Daikin may have broken the law, it and DuPont,    
   > which has previously been caught hiding studies that suggest toxicity in    
   > PFAS, are not facing any repercussions.    
   >    
   > “Those things shouldn’t happen, and if they do then there should be    
   > consequences, but oversight is lax,” Maffini said.    
   >    
   > I think people need to be able to rely on the FDA to turn science at the    
   > agency into real action, and right now that doesn’t seem to be the case    
   > Tom Neltner    
   > In 2020, the FDA reached agreements with some major PFAS manufacturers to    
   > voluntarily stop using 6:2 FTOH compounds in food packaging within five    
   > years. But documents show that the FDA first became aware of DuPont’s    
   > hidden study in 2015, and public health advocates say a 10-year timeline    
   > to reassess and remove the chemical is unacceptable.    
   >    
   > Moreover, the FDA phase-out only applies to 6:2 FTOH compounds, and does    
   > not include other similar “short chain” PFAS, raising questions about    
   > whether the agency is fully protecting the public from the class of    
   > potentially toxic chemicals.    
   >    
   > “I think people need to be able to rely on the FDA to turn science at the    
   > agency into real action, and right now that doesn’t seem to be the   
   case,”    
   > said Tom Neltner, chemicals policy director with the Environmental Defense    
   > Fund. He and Maffini obtained the companies’ studies and related documents    
   > from Daikin’s website and the FDA through Freedom of Information Act    
   > requests.    
   >    
   > The 6:2 FTOH compound is part of a newer generation of “short chain”   
   PFAS    
   > that were designed to replace older and supposedly more harmful “long    
   > chain” PFAS. The industry claims that short chain compounds are uniformly    
   > safe and “practically non-toxic”. However, independent researchers like    
   > Erika Schreder, science director for Toxic Free Future, have found that    
   > PFAS, regardless of chain length, accumulate in the environment and    
   > humans, and are toxic.    
   >    
   > “The fact that we continue to uncover evidence that the current-use PFAS    
   > have similar toxicity to the [long chain] compounds that have been phased    
   > out makes a strong argument for regulating harmful chemicals like PFAS as    
   > a class,” Schreder said.    
   >    
   > In a statement to the Guardian, an FDA spokesperson defended the agency’s    
   > handling of 6:2 FTOH, noting that the studies “do not demonstrate an    
   > imminent health hazard” and more studies were needed to draw concrete    
   > conclusions about its safety, and that of other short chain PFAS.    
   >    
   > Daikin and Chemours, a company that in 2015 was spun off from DuPont’s    
   > PFAS division, did not respond to requests for comment.    
   >    
   > DuPont hides alarming new data    
   > Industry reports and communications among the FDA and PFAS producers    
   > between 2008 and 2020 show how a sequence of inadequate chemical safety    
   > analyses, hidden studies and lax oversight created a scenario in which    
   > Americans continue to be exposed to the dangerous compound in food    
   > packaging.    
   >    
   > The 2008 6:2 FTOH studies that DuPont submitted to the FDA monitored the    
   > impact of high exposure levels to the chemical on two generations of lab    
   > rats. The animals suffered kidney failure, liver damage, mammary gland    
   > problems, mottled teeth and other issues. However, DuPont and the FDA felt    
   > that humans’ exposure would be much lower and, with little supporting    
   > evidence, believed that the short chain PFAS would not accumulate in human    
   > bodies, Maffini said.    
   >    
   > She called such studies on PFAS “inaccurate and inappropriate” because   
   the    
   > chemicals are toxic at “extremely low levels” and are known to   
   accumulate    
   > in animals’ bodies.    
   >    
   > Indeed, the longer-term DuPont study completed in 2012 found that 6:2 FTOH    
   > stayed in lab animals’ bodies for longer than previously thought. Still,    
   > DuPont did not alert the FDA or publish the study.    
   >    
   > Though the law does not require companies to make such information public,    
   > the results strongly suggested a health threat, and DuPont “had an ethical    
   > obligation to not just publish it, but flag it for the FDA”, Neltner said.    
   >    
   > Three years later, DuPont partially summarized its 2012 findings in a    
   > peer-reviewed 6:2 FTOH study that Maffini said used “cherry-picked” data    
   > to support its claim that the compound was safe. Though it omitted the    
   > 2012 study’s details, communications show it caught the attention of the    
   > FDA, which wrote that the study alerted the agency “to potential    
      
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