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   From: alt.fan.jai-maharaj@googlegroups.com   
      
   Bizarre Particles Keep Flying out of Antarctica's Ice, and   
   They Might Shatter Modern Physics   
      
   Cosmic rays emanating from the south polar ice cap could   
   lead to new physics   
      
   By Rafi Letzter, LiveScience   
   Scientific American, scientificamerican.com   
   September 29, 2018   
      
   The balloon-borne Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna   
   (ANITA), pictured here shortly before a launch in 2014, is   
   a physics experiment that has detected mysterious emissions   
   from deep within Antarctica's ice. Credit: NASA and Balloon   
   Program Office   
      
   There's something mysterious coming up from the frozen   
   ground in Antarctica, and it could break physics as we know   
   it.   
      
   Physicists don't know what it is exactly. But they do know   
   it's some sort of cosmic ray—a high-energy particle that's   
   blasted its way through space, into the Earth, and back out   
   again. But the particles physicists know about -- the   
   collection of particles that make up what scientists call   
   the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics -- shouldn't be   
   able to do that. Sure, there are low-energy neutrinos that   
   can pierce through miles upon miles of rock unaffected. But   
   high-energy neutrinos, as well as other high-energy   
   particles, have "large cross-sections." That means that   
   they'll almost always crash into something soon after   
   zipping into the Earth and never make it out the other   
   side.   
      
   And yet, since March 2016, researchers have been puzzling   
   over two events in Antarctica where cosmic rays did burst   
   out from the Earth, and were detected by NASA's Antarctic   
   Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) -- a balloon-borne   
   antenna drifting over the southern continent.   
      
   ANITA is designed to hunt cosmic rays from outer space, so   
   the high-energy neutrino community was buzzing with   
   excitement when the instrument detected particles that   
   seemed to be blasting up from Earth instead of zooming down   
   from space. Because cosmic rays shouldn't do that,   
   scientists began to wonder whether these mysterious beams   
   are made of particles never seen before.   
      
   Since then, physicists have proposed all sorts of   
   explanations for these "upward going" cosmic rays, from   
   sterile neutrinos (neutrinos that rarely ever bang into   
   matter) to "atypical dark matter distributions inside the   
   Earth," referencing the mysterious form of matter that   
   doesn't interact with light [The 18 Biggest Unsolved   
   Mysteries in Physics]   
      
   Continues at:   
      
   https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bizarre-particles-kee   
   -flying-out-of-antarcticas-ice-and-they-might-shatter-modern-physics/   
      
   Jai Maharaj, Jyotishi   
   Om Shanti   
   http://groups.google.com/group/alt.fan.jai-maharaj   
      
   --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05   
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