From: anthk@disroot.org   
      
   On 2026-01-04, Stefan Ram  wrote:   
   > Anthk NM  wrote or quoted:   
   >>Hidden dimensions could explain where mass comes from   
   >   
   >   So now you might ask yourself: what exactly is "mass"?   
   >   
   >        These days, that kind of question usually comes up in the   
   >   context of quantum field theory.   
   >   
   >        There we use something called a Lagrangian density, which is kind   
   >   of a pain to write in plain ASCII, but it basically looks like this   
   >   for a free field (no interactions):   
   >   
   > Lagrange = Psi-bar( i gamma^mu diff_mu - m )Psi.   
   >   
   >   In Unicode form, it would be more like:   
   >   
   > 𝓛 = 𝛹̅( i 𝛾^𝜇 ∂_𝜇 - m )𝛹.   
   >   
   >   Here, the first term (the one before the minus sign) is the "kinetic   
   >   term", and the second one is the "mass term".   
   >   
   >        For fields we already know, this lines up with what we normally   
   >   mean by mass.   
   >   
   >        So if you come across some new kind of field theory that ends   
   >   up giving you a Lagrangian of this general form, then whatever shows   
   >   up in place of that "m" is what we call the "mass".   
   >   
   >        (The example I picked technically only applies to Dirac fermions,   
   >   but the same idea works for other kinds of particles too.)   
   >   
   >   
      
   There's the aamath package for Unix where you can display formulae   
   as ASCII ART:   
      
   https://github.com/gchudnov/aamath   
      
   Check the documentation; it has an option to shrink the radicals.   
      
   --- SoupGate-DOS v1.05   
    * Origin: you cannot sedate... all the things you hate (1:229/2)