From: pnn@pnn.org   
      
   On Thu, 21 Aug 2025 15:33:24 -0700, Rufus Ruffian  wrote:   
      
   >E.Laureti   wrote:   
   >   
   >> Vincent Maycock  posted:   
   >   
   >> > >>>>Briefly, how are you changing the field self-interaction to increase   
   >> > >>>>the thrust of your PNN vehicle? Or are there other methods that you're   
   >> > >>>>using to accomplish that crucial goal?   
   >> > >>>   
   >> > >>>Yes, methods:   
   >> > >>>   
   >> > >>>1) Lower the impedance of the dipole   
   >> > >>>   
   >> > >>>2) Increase the current   
   >> > >>   
   >> > >>And are those things difficult to accomplish?   
   >> > >   
   >> > >To lower the impedance of a dipole fed at high frequency is not so   
   >> > >simple, one would have to at least use silver wires, at least.   
   >   
   >Firstly, you have to match the impedance of your "dipole" load to the RF   
   >source and to the transmission line.   
   >   
   >There are ways to lower the impedance of the radiating element, such as   
   >increasing the diameter (which lowers the Q as well). Copper tubing is   
   >great. For impedance matching, a transformer will work. You also need a   
   >balun, as explained before, and there are simple, slick ways to realize   
   >a balun and impedance-matching transformer all in one, using   
   >transmission line or antenna stubs.   
   >   
   >However. Simply more current isn't going to solve your problem. The   
   >velocity of charge carriers is just as important. You can have high   
   >current drifting lazily along the element, and it won't give you vXB   
   >force. You need to know the bulk drift rate of the electrons. You also   
   >need to know the current distribution along the dipole.   
   >   
   >Silver wire isn't an answer. Element RF impedance is determined by the   
   >geometry of the element. Metal conductivity has less to do with it.   
   >Plus, "wire" (presumably thin) is going to give you high impedance and   
   >high Q. Also, google "skin effect".   
   >   
   >What you are building is basically an antenna. Antennas are not known   
   >for producing force, if you hadn't noticed.   
   >   
   >Then there's the unbalanced coax feed blooper, which you don't seem to   
   >realize.   
   >   
   >Any vXB force is applied between the dipole and the magnets, not   
   >externally, and that's your foremost miscalculation.   
   >   
   >Your RF half-cycles are still canceling out all your alleged force.   
   >   
   >I can't see why you are even using RF. Can you explain that? A DC loop   
   >in 'n out the B field would work just as well, being infinitely simpler.   
   >   
   >A TV picture tube has an electron beam, guided by vXB force using the   
   >magnets in the yoke. Shouldn't that produce thrust? Perhaps you could   
   >just use a TV picture tube for your space propulsion system? As a side   
   >benefit, it would entertain the astronauts all the way to Mars.   
   >   
   >I realize you can't answer any of these points, but your retorts are   
   >endearing.   
   >   
   >   
   >> > And you're saying those cost too much to try to use?   
   >> >   
   >> > >Second, and more important, to increase the current, all the circuitry   
   >> > >must *support* high currents at high frequency, and some electronic   
   >> > >components just melt under such stress.   
   >> >   
   >> > Which ones are melting down,   
   >   
   >The "designer".   
   >   
   >> > and why can't you replace them   
   >   
   >Because... :   
   >   
   >> $$$$$$  and to pay several engineers...   
   >   
   >You're building a device that will revolutionize space travel, and no   
   >one involved can do any engineering, let alone the physics? So you have   
   >to solicit investors and free advice on Usenet?   
      
   We also have various ongoing deals with Italian industries to sell the   
   F432BA prototype.   
      
   >   
   >Lord have mercy.   
      
   Amen!   
      
      
   You have to read the entire www.asps.it site and you will find   
   explanations of why what you say is only partly true.   
      
   Yes the dipole impedance must match the impedance of the circuit, but   
   then also the circuit must support high currents at high frequency   
   (432MHz) for our V-shaped dipole, and electronic components that   
   support 432MHz with high currents siimply *do not exist*.   
      
   The components we use just *melt* after one hour of functioning at 250   
   Watts, so it is not possible for now to feed the circuit with higher   
   currents.   
      
   If you find another way to increase currents I will be happy to pay   
   you for the explanation.   
      
   --- SoupGate-Win32 v1.05   
    * Origin: you cannot sedate... all the things you hate (1:229/2)