From: me22over7@gmail.com   
      
   On 2/02/2026 3:44 am, John Harshman wrote:   
   > On 1/31/26 10:18 PM, MarkE wrote:   
   >> On 1/02/2026 9:11 am, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>> On 1/31/26 1:58 AM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>> On 31/01/2026 2:37 pm, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>> On 1/30/26 5:26 PM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>>>> On 31/01/2026 5:56 am, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>>>> On 1/29/26 9:54 PM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>>>>>> On 30/01/2026 3:17 pm, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>> On 1/29/26 7:57 PM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>> On 30/01/2026 2:10 pm, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>> On 1/29/26 6:40 PM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>> On 30/01/2026 12:50 pm, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/29/26 5:31 PM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 30/01/2026 11:20 am, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/29/26 3:37 AM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 27/01/2026 11:41 am, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/24/26 3:28 AM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 24/01/2026 1:54 am, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/22/26 6:15 PM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 23/01/2026 1:31 am, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 1/21/26 9:18 PM, MarkE wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On 22/01/2026 3:22 am, John Harshman wrote:   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ...   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Now if you're interested in what makes an organism,   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> without much regard for what kind of organism, you   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> have a point that the ovum has various bits that   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> must be in place in order to get the process of   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> development going, and that there are many   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> interactions between cells that are not directly   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> controlled by the genome. But the source of the   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> bits that interact is still the genome, at first   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> the maternal genome and later the zygote's.   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Certainly all proteins in the cell are produced from   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> gene coding. However, doesn't the following (for   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> example) demonstrate that the cytoplasm is in control   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> and telling the DNA what to do (so to speak):   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> "It is concluded that whenever nuclei are introduced   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> experimentally into the cytoplasm of another cell,   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> they very quickly assume, in nearly every respect, the   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> nuclear activity characteristic of the host cell. In   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> many instances, altered function has been demonstrated   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> in nuclei which subsequently support normal   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> development." [1]   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Sure, that's because various transcription factors and   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> such are in the cytoplasm, having been transcribed and   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> translated from the previous nucleus. Differences   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> between genomes result in differences in expression.   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Here's the critical logic: if the direction of control   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> flow is bi- directional, then to resolve a chicken-   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> and- egg paradox, we must conclude that information is   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> initially present in both the nucleus and extra-   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> nuclear, in effectively digital and analogue form   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> respectively.   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> "Digital" and "analog" are empty buzzwords in this   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> context. But yes, proteins contain information, if   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> that's what you mean. But that information is   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> inherited, over the long term, in the form of DNA.   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> On what basis do you deem these "empty buzzwords"?   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> A digital information medium stores heritable   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> information in discrete symbolic sequences that are   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> copied and decoded by rule- based molecular machinery.   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> The human genome at 3.2 billion base pairs can be simply   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> mapped into 6.4 billion bits of digital information. Are   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> we agreed that DNA can be accurately described as   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> *digital* information? (Along with its chemical and   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> structural/ physical properties and interactions.)   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> That's an analogy. It's not a hopeless one, but it's   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> still an analogy.   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>> No, it's not an analogy, it's a legitimate application of   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>> a definition and identification of actual digital   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>> information, and large amount of it at that.   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>> What do you imagine would not be an analogy? Cut open an   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>>> alien lifeform and see 0s and 1s pour out?   
   >>>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>>> I'm interested to hear your response to this.   
   >>>>>>>>>>>   
   >>>>>>>>>>> I thought it was a silly rhetorical gibe. What would not be   
   >>>>>>>>>>> an analogy? Computer memory. I suppose that a written   
      
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